The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. |
front(o)-: ラ「額」「前頭」 |
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Common wisdom has it that the temporal bone (temporal = “time”) is so named because this area of the head (the temple) is where hair typically first turns gray, indicating the passage of time. |
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Each of the paired zygomatic bones forms much of the lateral wall of the orbit and the lateral-inferior margins of the anterior orbital opening. |
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During embryonic development, the right and left maxilla bones come together at the midline to form the upper jaw. |
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At the time of birth, the mandible consists of paired right and left bones, but these fuse together during the first year to form the single U-shaped mandible of the adult skull. |
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Cervical vertebrae are smaller than lumbar vertebrae due to differences in the proportion of body weight that each supports. |
cervic(i/o)-: ラ「首」「頸部」 |
vertebraeは複数形、単数形はvertebra. |
Since the first rib is hidden behind the clavicle, the second rib is the highest rib that can be identified by palpation. |
clavi-, clavo, clavicul(o)-: ラ「鍵」「鎖骨」 |
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The lateral end of the clavicle articulates (joins) with the scapula just above the shoulder joint. |
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The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are larger than those of cervical vertebrae. |
thorac(i/o)-, thoracico-: ギ→ラ「胸(chest)」 |
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The thoracic cage (rib cage) consists of the 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. |
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The sternum is the elongated bony structure that anchors the anterior thoracic cage. |
stern(o)-: ギ→ラ「胸骨(sternum)」 |
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The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm. |
humer(o)-: ラ「肩」「上腕」「上腕骨」 |
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The lower back contains the L1–L5 lumbar vertebrae. |
lumb(o)-: ラ「腰椎」 |
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The ulna (medially) and the radius (laterally) are the paired bones of the forearm. |
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The immobility of the pelvis provides a strong foundation for the upper body as it rests on top of the mobile lower limbs. |
pelv(i/o)-: ラ「骨盤」「骨盤と…の」 |
寛骨(かんこつ、hip bone / pelvic bone / coxal bone、腸骨・坐骨・恥骨で構成)と仙骨(尾骨を含むこともある)で構成. |
The ilium forms the large, fan-shaped superior portion of the adult hip bone. |
ilio-: ラ「腸骨(ilium)」 |
ileum(回腸)とのスペル混同に注意. |
The pelvis consists of four bones: the right and left hip bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx. |
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The vertebral column consists of 24 bones, each called a vertebra, plus the sacrum and coccyx. |
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The pubis forms the anteromedial portion of the hip bone. |
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The ischium forms the posteroinferior portion of the adult hip bone. |
ischi(o)-: ギ「坐骨」 |
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The vertebral column—also known as the spinal column or spine—consists of a sequence of vertebrae (singular = vertebra), each of which is separated and united by an intervertebral disc. |
spin(i/o)-: ラ→古仏『脊柱」「脊髄」 |
spineは「勇気」などの意味もあり、専門用語ではあっても広くつかわれる. |
The ulna is located on the medial side of the forearm, and the radius is on the lateral side. |
radi(o)-: ラ「放射」「輻射」「半径」「橈骨」「放射性(能)」「ラジウム」「無線」 |
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The carpal bones are arranged in two rows, forming a proximal row of four carpal bones and a distal row of four carpal bones. |
carp(o)-: ギ→ラ「手根(骨)」 |
carpusは手首に8個ある手根骨を集合的にいう. |
The femur is the single bone of the thigh. |
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The patella (kneecap) is largest sesamoid bone of the body. |
patell(o)-: ラ「膝蓋」「ひざがしら」「膝蓋骨」 |
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The patella does not articulate with the tibia. |
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The fibula does not bear weight, serving primarily for muscle attachments. |
fibul(o)-: ラ「ブローチ」「腓骨」 |
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The posterior half of the foot is formed by seven tarsal bones. |
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tarsusは足首から足の中ほどまである7個の骨を集合的にいう. |
The mid-foot has the five metatarsal bones. |
met(a)-: ギ「後続」「後位」「変化」「変成」「一段と高い階型の」「…の異性体」 |
metatarsusは足の半ばから足趾の骨の間にある5つの骨を集合的にいう. |